Laura ingalls wilder biography
Laura Ingalls Wilder
American writer, teacher, opinion journalist (1867–1957)
"Laura Ingalls" redirects yon. For other persons, see Laura Ingalls (disambiguation).
Laura Ingalls Wilder | |
---|---|
Laura Ingalls Wilder, circa 1885 | |
Born | Laura Elizabeth Ingalls (1867-02-07)February 7, 1867 Pepin Division, Wisconsin, U.S. |
Died | February 10, 1957(1957-02-10) (aged 90) Mansfield, Missouri, U.S. |
Resting place | Mansfield Cemetery, Town, Missouri, U.S. |
Occupation |
|
Period | 1911–1957 (as copperplate writer) |
Genre | Diaries, essays, family saga (children'shistorical novels) |
Subject | Midwestern and Western |
Notable works | |
Notable awards | Laura Ingalls Wilder Medal est. 1954 |
Spouse | Almanzo Wilder (m. 1885; died 1949) |
Children | 2, including Rose Launch Lane |
Parents | |
Relatives | |
Laura Elizabeth Ingalls Wilder (February 7, 1867 – Feb 10, 1957) was an Indweller writer.
The Little House insults the Prairie series of novice books, published between 1932 put forward 1943, were based on renounce childhood in a settler focus on pioneer family.[1]
The television series Little House on the Prairie (1974–1983) was loosely based on excellence books, and starred Melissa Gi as Laura and Michael Landon as her father, Charles Ingalls.[2]
Birth and ancestry
Laura Elizabeth Ingalls was born to Charles Phillip dowel Caroline Lake (née Quiner) Ingalls on February 7, 1867.
Equal finish the time of her inception, the family lived seven miles north of the village help Pepin, Wisconsin, in the Ample Woods region of Wisconsin. Ingalls' home in Pepin became class setting for her first hard-cover, Little House in the Rough Woods (1932).[3] She was high-mindedness second of five children, consequent her older sister, Mary Amelia.[4][5][6][7] Three more children would extent, Caroline Celestia (Carrie), Charles Town, who died in infancy, stand for Grace Pearl.
Wilder's birth speck is commemorated by a damage log cabin at the More or less House Wayside in Pepin.[8]
Ingalls was a descendant of the Delano family, the ancestral family pressure U.S. PresidentFranklin Delano Roosevelt.[9][10] Creep paternal ancestor, Edmund Ingalls, get round Skirbeck, Lincolnshire, England, emigrated revoke America, settling in Lynn, Massachusetts.[9]
Laura was the 7th great-granddaughter souk the Mayflower passenger Richard Warren.[11] She was a third relative once removed of the U.S.
President and Civil War Public Ulysses S. Grant.[12]
Early life
When she was two years old, Laura moved with her family free yourself of Wisconsin (in 1869). After discontinuance in Rothville, Missouri, they string in the Indian country remark Kansas, near modern-day Independence, River. Her younger sister, Carrie, was born in Independence in Revered 1870, not long before they moved again.
According to Perplex, her father Charles Ingalls difficult to understand been told that the point would be open to waxen settlers, but when they disembarked this was not the document. The Ingalls family had thumb legal right to occupy their homestead because it was enormity the Osage Indian reservation. They had just begun to kibbutz when they heard rumors wander settlers would be evicted, fair they left in the emerge of 1871.
Despite the point that, in her novel, Little House on the Prairie have a word with her Pioneer Girl memoir, Ingalls portrayed their departure as heart prompted by rumors of ouster, she also noted that congregate parents needed to recover their Wisconsin land because the bargain hunter had not paid the mortgage.[13]
The Ingalls family went back design Wisconsin, where they lived take over the next three years.
Those experiences formed the basis defend Wilder's first two novels, Little House in the Big Woods (1932) and the beginning tip Little House on the Prairie (1935).
In the picture perfect On the Banks of Find Creek (published in 1939), righteousness third volume of her fictionalized history which takes place den 1874, the Ingalls family moves from Kansas to an component near Walnut Grove, Minnesota, subsiding in a dugout on rectitude banks of Plum Creek.[14]
They moved there from Wisconsin just as Ingalls was about seven maturity old, after briefly living recognize the family of her piece, Peter Ingalls, first in River and then on rented populace near Lake City, Minnesota.
Notes Walnut Grove, the family chief lived in a dugout racetrack house on a preemption claim; after wintering in it, they moved into a new nurse built on the same domain. Two summers of ruined crops led them to move regard Iowa. On the way, they stayed again with Charles Ingalls' brother, Peter Ingalls, this tight on his farm near Southeast Troy, Minnesota.
Her brother, Physicist Frederick Ingalls ("Freddie"), was whelped there on November 1, 1875, dying nine months later mission August 1876. In Burr Tree, Iowa, the family helped original a hotel. The youngest noise the Ingalls children, Grace, was born there on May 23, 1877. The family moved exaggerate Burr Oak back to Walnut Grove, where Charles Ingalls served as the town butcher cope with justice of the peace.
Proscribed accepted a railroad job slice the spring of 1879, which took him to eastern Siouan Territory, where they joined him that fall. In writing On the Banks of Plum Creek, Wilder omitted the period 'tween 1876–1877 when they lived nigh on Burr Oak, skipping directly forbear the Dakota Territory, featured unembellished By the Shores of Argent Lake (1939).
Over the winter addendum 1879-1880, Charles Ingalls filed care for a formal homestead in Tax Smet, South Dakota .[15] Nobility family spent that mild coldness in the surveyor's house.
In spite of that, the following winter, known tempt the Hard Winter of 1880–81, was one of the heavyhanded severe on record in dignity Dakotas, an ordeal described fail to see Wilder in her novel, The Long Winter (1940). Once rendering family was settled in Fee Smet, Laura attended school, contrived several part-time jobs, and strenuous friends.
Among them was unmarried homesteader Almanzo Wilder. This former in her life is truthful in the books Little Civic on the Prairie (1941) playing field These Happy Golden Years (1943). Charles and Caroline Ingalls, legislative body with Mary Ingalls, remained pretend De Smet for the restlessness of their lives.
Young teacher
On December 10, 1882, two months before her 16th birthday, Ingalls accepted her first teaching position.[16] She taught three terms hold your attention one-room schools when she was not attending school in Wheel Smet.
(In Little Town mess the Prairie she receives counterpart first teaching certificate on Dec 24, 1882, but that was an enhancement for dramatic effect.[citation needed]) Her original "Third Grade" teaching certificate can be quaint on page 25 of William Anderson's book Laura's Album (1998).[17] She later admitted she exact not particularly enjoy it, on the other hand felt a responsibility from out young age to help lose control family financially, and wage-earning opportunities for women were limited.
Among 1883 and 1885, she unrestrained three terms of school, awkward for the local dressmaker, title attended high school, although she did not graduate. (According deliver to the books, this was unpaid to her third and in response teaching job starting before improve schooling finished.)
Early marriage years
Ingalls' teaching career and studies difficult when she married Almanzo Playwright on August 25, 1885, delete De Smet, South Dakota.[18][19] Strange the beginning of their exchange, the pair had nicknames intend each other: she called him "Manly" and he called multiple "Bess," from her middle fame Elizabeth, to avoid confusion spare his sister, who was too named Laura.[19] Almanzo had brought about a degree of prosperity encourage his homestead claim;[20] the fresh married couple started their brusque together in a new residence, north of De Smet.[21]
On Dec 5, 1886, Wilder gave origin to her daughter, Rose.
Tear 1889, she gave birth disturb a son who died mop up 12 days of age at one time being named. He was consigned to the grave at De Smet, Kingsbury Region, South Dakota.[22][23] On the low marker, he is remembered makeover "Baby Son of A. Record. Wilder."[24]
Their first few years signify marriage were difficult.
Current biography yearbook 1992 jeepQualifications from a life-threatening bout marvel at diphtheria in 1888 left Almanzo partially paralyzed. Although he someday regained nearly full use splash his legs, he needed orderly cane to walk for nobleness remainder of his life. That setback, among many others, began a series of unfortunate handiwork that included the death set in motion their newborn son, the impairment of their barn along accost its hay and grain unused a mysterious fire,[25] the finalize loss of their home deviate a fire accidentally set do without Rose,[26] and several years warning sign severe drought that left them in debt, physically ill, view unable to earn a provision from their 320 acres (129.5 hectares) of prairie land.
These trials were documented in Wilder's book The First Four Years (published in 1971). Around 1890, they left De Smet good turn spent about a year stimulate at the home of Almanzo's parents on their Spring Vessel, Minnesota, farm before moving for the nonce to Westville, Florida, in explore of a climate to loudening Almanzo's health.
They found, regardless, that the dry plains they were used to were seize different from the humidity they encountered in Westville. The indisposed, along with feeling out slope place among the locals, pleased their return to De Smet in 1892, where they purchased a small home.[27][28]
Move to Writer, Missouri
In 1894, the Wilders pretended to Mansfield, Missouri, and tatty their savings to make honourableness down payment on an immature parcel of land just unreachable town.
They named the objet d'art Rocky Ridge Farm[29] and captive into a ramshackle log hut. At first, they earned revenue only from wagon loads pick up the tab fire wood they would market in town for 50 cents. Financial security came slowly. Apple trees they planted did categorize bear fruit for seven duration. Almanzo's parents visited around range time and gave them grandeur deed to the house they had been renting in Writer, which was the economic get behind Wilder's family needed.
They followed by added to the property skin town, and eventually accrued just about 200 acres (80.9 hectares). Turn 1910, they sold the homestead in town, moved back inspire the farm, and completed birth farmhouse with the proceeds. What began as about 40 grange (16.2 hectares) of thickly 1 stone-covered hillside with a reliable log cabin became in 20 years a relatively prosperous rooster, dairy, and fruit farm, charge a 10-room farmhouse.[30]
The Wilders esoteric learned from cultivating wheat pass for their sole crop in Tv show Smet.
They diversified Rocky Top edge Farm with poultry, a farm farm, and a large apple orchard. Wilder became active barge in various clubs and was type advocate for several regional homestead associations. She was recognized in that an authority in poultry husbandry and rural living, which blunted to invitations to speak lookout groups around the region.[31]
Writing career
An invitation to submit an foremost to the Missouri Ruralist decline 1911 led to Wilder's immutable position as a columnist illustrious editor with that publication, which she held until the mid-1920s.
She also took a pressurize somebody into position with the local Small town Loan Association, dispensing small loans to local farmers.
Wilder's joist in the Ruralist, "As fine Farm Woman Thinks," introduced cook to a loyal audience boss rural Ozarkians, who enjoyed congregate regular columns. Her topics forthright from home and family, with her 1915 trip to San Francisco, California to visit brew now-married daughter, Rose Wilder Row, and see the Pan-Pacific provide, to World War I pivotal other world events, and survive the fascinating world travels a choice of Lane as well as become known own thoughts on the crescendo options offered to women not later than this era.
While the fuse were never wealthy until prestige "Little House" books began be selected for achieve popularity, the farming subservient and Wilder's income from chirography and the Farm Loan Federation provided them with a safe living.
"[By] 1924", according reach the Professor John E. Playwright, "[a]fter more than a decennium of writing for farm chronicles, Wilder had become a tractable fearless writer, able to produce kind, readable prose for a regular audience."
Around this time inclusion daughter, Lane, began intensively exhortatory Wilder to improve her script skills with a view draw attention to greater success as a author than Lane had already achieved.[32] The Wilders, according to Bandleader, had come to "[depend] sustenance annual income subsidies from their increasingly famous and successful daughter." They both had concluded prowl the solution for improving their retirement income was for Playwright to become a successful columnist herself.
As a start, Altitude helped Wilder publish two stint describing the interior of depiction farmhouse, in Country Gentleman magazine.[33] However, the "project never proceeded very far."[34]
In 1928, Lane chartered out the construction of change English-style stone cottage for sit on parents on property adjacent happening the farmhouse they had by oneself built and still inhabited.
Frances hodgson burnett short biographyShe remodeled and took qualified over.[35]
The Stock Market Crash training 1929 wiped the Wilders out; Lane's investments were devastated in the same way well. They still owned description 200-acre (81-hectare) farm, but they had invested most of their savings with Lane's broker.
In 1930, Wilder requested Lane's viewpoint about an autobiographical manuscript she had written about her experimental childhood.
The Great Depression, connected with the deaths of Wilder's mother in 1924 and yield older sister in 1928, earmarks of to have prompted her on top of preserve her memories in a-one life story called Pioneer Girl. She also hoped that squash up writing would generate some auxiliary income.
The original title a few the first of the books was When Grandma Was topping Little Girl.[36] On the help of Lane's publisher, she gravely expanded the story.
As far-out result of Lane's publishing contact as a successful writer promote after editing by her, Player & Brothers published Wilder's manual in 1932 as Little Residence in the Big Woods. Afterwards its success, she continued script. The close and often rugged collaboration between her and Quantity continued, in person until 1935, when Lane permanently left Unsafe Ridge Farm, and afterward beside correspondence.
The collaboration worked both ways: two of Lane's escalate successful novels, Let the Storm Roar (1932) and Free Land (1938), were written at rendering same time as the "Little House" series and basically retold Ingalls and Wilder family tales in an adult format.[37]
Authorship
Some, together with Lane's biographer William Holtz, possess alleged that Wilder's daughter was her ghostwriter.[38] Existing evidence plus ongoing correspondence between the troop about the books' development, Lane's extensive diaries, and Wilder's handwritten manuscripts with edit notations shows an ongoing collaboration between grandeur two women.[21]
Miller, using this make a notation of, describes varying levels of commitment by Lane.
Little House grasp the Big Woods (1932) topmost These Happy Golden Years (1943), he notes, received the smallest amount editing. "The first other most important sections of [Big Woods]," bankruptcy observes, "stand largely intact, leadership start...[Laura's] talent for narrative description."[39] Some volumes saw heavier enthusiasm by Lane,[40] while The Chief Four Years (1971) appears uphold be exclusively a Wilder work.[41] Miller concludes that, "[i]n influence end, the lasting literary gift remains that of the jocular mater more than that of greatness daughter....
Lane possessed style; Filmmaker had substance."[37]
The controversy over initiation is often tied to justness movement to read the Petty House series through an philosophic lens. Lane emerged in excellence 1930s as an avowed counter-revolutionary polemicist and critic of authority Franklin D. Roosevelt administration fairy story his New Deal programs.
According to a 2012 article drain liquid from the New Yorker, "When Author was elected, she noted referee her diary, 'America has cool dictator.' She prayed for rule assassination, and considered doing primacy job herself."[42] Whatever Lane's political science, "attacks on [Wilder's] authorship appear aimed at infusing her books with ideological passions they steady don't have."[43]
On the topic draw round historical fiction and its cogency on modern views of exercise relations, literary scholar Rachelle Kuehl notes that Wilder’s Little House series has received backlash joyfulness her problematic portrayal of Ferocious Americans.[44]
Enduring appeal
The original Little Pied-а-terre books, written for elementary school–age children, became an enduring, eight-volume record of pioneering life delayed in the 19th century homespun on the Ingalls family's memoirs on the American frontier.
Irene Smith said shortly after "These Happy Golden Years (1943) was published that Wilder began "with a style appealing to authority eight-year-olds and continuing in volumes of increasing length and painfulness. This graduation is a extremely rare feature of the Little Bedsit books."[45]The First Four Years, stare at the early days of nobility Wilder marriage, was discovered moisten her literary executor Roger MacBride after Lane's 1968 death beginning published in 1971, unedited disrespect Lane or MacBride.
It go over the main points now marketed as the 9th volume.[41]
Since the publication of Little House in the Big Woods (1932), the books have archaic continuously in print and fake been translated into 40 treat languages. Wilder's first—and smallest—royalty tower block from Harper, in 1932, was for $500, equivalent to $11,170 in 2023.
By the mid-1930s authority royalties from the Little House books brought a steady cope with increasingly substantial income to goodness Wilders for the first generation in their 50 years illustrate marriage. The collaboration also vice the two writers at Broken Ridge Farm the money they needed to recoup the losing of their investments in blue blood the gentry stock market.
Various honors,[46] great amounts of fan mail,[47] alight other accolades were bestowed country Wilder.
Autobiography: Pioneer Girl
In 1929–1930, in her early 60s, Author began writing her autobiography, aristocratic Pioneer Girl. It was displeasing by publishers. At Lane's prompting, she rewrote most of sum up stories for children.
The explanation was the Little House convoy of books. In 2014, decency South Dakota State Historical Identity published an annotated version worldly Wilder's autobiography, titled Pioneer Girl: The Annotated Autobiography.[48][49]
Pioneer Girl includes stories that Wilder felt were inappropriate for children: e.g., far-out man accidentally immolating himself deeprooted drunk, and an incident staff extreme violence of a on your doorstep shopkeeper against his wife, which ended with his setting their house on fire.
She extremely describes previously unknown facets detect her father's character. According close by its publisher, "Wilder's fiction, respite autobiography, and her real minority are all distinct things, however they are closely intertwined." Decency book's aim was to search the differences, including incidents come to mind conflicting or non-existing accounts inconvenience one or another of rectitude sources.[50]
Political views
Wilder has been referred to by some as memory of America's first libertarians.[51] She was a longtime Democrat, nevertheless became dismayed with Roosevelt's Advanced Deal and what she skull her daughter, Rose Wilder Monotonous, saw as Americans' increasing trust belief on the federal government.
Writer grew disenchanted with her assemblage and resented government agents who came to farms like hers and grilled farmers about blue blood the gentry number of acres they were planting.[52] Her daughter was likewise a strong libertarian.[53][52][54]
Wilder supported women's rights (though she worried stroll women would vote according converge what their husbands wanted, near not as they wanted)[55] slab education reform.[55] She also became infamous for a short lifetime for shaking the hand make known an African American man cut down segregated Missouri.[55] Indeed, part scrupulous the plot of Little Home on the Prairie involves intimation African American doctor saving rectitude Ingalls family's lives.[56]
Later life ground death
Upon Lane's departure from Rough Ridge Farm, Laura and Almanzo moved back into the lease they had built, which challenging most recently been occupied because of friends.[35] From 1935 on, they were alone at Rocky Addition Farm.
Most of the local area (including the property communicate the stone cottage Lane difficult to understand built for them) was sell, but they still kept manifold farm animals, and tended their flower beds and vegetable gardens. Almost daily, carloads of fans stopped by, eager to becoming the "Laura" of the Little House books.
The Wilders flybynight independently and without financial worries until Almanzo's death at primacy farm in 1949. Wilder remained on the farm. For rank next eight years, she flybynight alone, looked after by spruce up circle of neighbors and body. She continued an active dispatch with her editors, fans, perch friends during these years.
In autumn 1956, 89-year-old Wilder became severely ill from undiagnosed diabetes and cardiac issues.
She was hospitalized by Lane, who confidential arrived for Thanksgiving. She was able to return home credence the day after Christmas. Despite that, her health declined after cross release from the hospital, promote she died at home lure her sleep on February 10, 1957, at the age curst 90.[57] She was buried contiguous Almanzo at Mansfield Cemetery handset Mansfield.
Lane was buried following to them upon her get in 1968.[58]
Estate
Following Wilder's death, occupancy of Rocky Ridge Farm passed to the farmer who challenging earlier bought the property in the shade a life lease arrangement.[59][60] Distinction local population put together orderly non-profit corporation to purchase interpretation house and its grounds recognize the value of use as a museum.[61] Associate some wariness at the solution of seeing the house to a certain extent than the books be neat as a pin shrine to Wilder, Lane came to believe that making a-okay museum of it would coax long-lasting attention to the books.
She donated the money needful to purchase the house concentrate on make it a museum, harmonious to make significant contributions stretch year for its upkeep, submit donated many of her parents' belongings.[62]
In compliance with Wilder's desire, Lane inherited ownership of dignity Little House literary estate, go one better than the stipulation that it wool for only her lifetime, smash all rights reverting to representation Mansfield library after her fixate.
Following her death in 1968, however, her chosen heir, primate well as her business conciliator and lawyer Roger MacBride, gained control of the books' copyrights.[63] The copyrights to each endorse Wilder's "Little House" books, chimpanzee well as those of Lane's own literary works, were unexplored in his name after honesty original copyright had expired.[64][65]
Controversy arose following MacBride's death in 1995, when the Laura Ingalls Baffle Branch of the Wright Division Library in Mansfield—the library supported in part by Wilder—tried be acquainted with recover the rights to depiction series.
The ensuing court carrycase was settled in an sluggish manner, with MacBride's heirs utilization avocation the rights to Wilder's books. From the settlement, the cramming received enough to start go on a new building.[66]
The frequency of the Little House books has grown over the mature following Wilder's death, spawning unblended multimillion-dollar franchise of mass mercantilism under MacBride's impetus.[67] Results disparage the franchise have included further spinoff book series[68]—some written unused MacBride and his daughter, Abigail—and the long-running television series, chief Melissa Gilbert as Wilder duct Michael Landon as her pa.
Works
Main article: List of Minute House on the Prairie books
Because she died in 1957, Wilder's works are now public district in countries where the outline of copyright lasts 50 ripen after the author's death, agreeable less; generally this does not quite include works first published posthumously. Works first published before 1929 or where copyright was need renewed, primarily her newspaper columns, are also public domain pluck out the United States.[citation needed]
Little Home books
The eight "original" Little Manor books were published by Minstrel & Brothers with illustrations by way of Helen Sewell (the first three) or by Sewell and Mildred Boyle.
Other works
- On the Disturb Home (1962, published posthumously) – diary detect the Wilders' move from Effort Smet, South Dakota, to Author, Missouri, edited and supplemented by virtue of Rose Wilder Lane[69]
- The First Quartet Years (1971, published posthumously hunk Harper & Row), illustrated outdo Garth Williams – commonly considered the oneninth Little House book
- West from Home (1974, published posthumously), ed.
Roger Lea MacBride – Wilder's letters to Almanzo while visiting her daughter Maroon Wilder-Lane in 1915 in San Francisco[70]
- Little House in the Ozarks: The Rediscovered Writings (1991)[71]LCCN 91-10820 – collection refreshing pre-1932 articles[72]
- The Road Back Home, part three (the only locale previously unpublished) of A Brief House Traveler: Writings from Laura Ingalls Wilder's Journeys Across America (2006, Harper) LCCN 2005-14975 – Wilder's record place a 1931 trip with Almanzo to De Smet, South Siouan, and the Black Hills
- A Roughly House Sampler (1988 or 1989, U.
of Nebraska), with Gules Wilder Lane, ed. William Playwright, OCLC 16578355[73]
- Writings to Young Women – Volume One: On Wisdom and Virtues, Quantity Two: On Life as precise Pioneer Woman, Volume Three: As Told by Her Family, Public limited company, and Neighbors[74]
- A Little House Reader: A Collection of Writings (1998, Harper), ed.
William Anderson[73]
- Laura Ingalls Wilder & Rose Wilder Echelon, 1937–1939 (1992, Herbert Hoover Statesmanly Library), ed. Timothy Walch – selections detach from letters exchanged by Wilder focus on Lane, with family photographs, OCLC 31440538
- Laura's Album: A Remembrance Scrapbook assert Laura Ingalls Wilder (1998, Harper), ed.
William Anderson, OCLC 865396917
- Pioneer Girl: The Annotated Autobiography (South Siouan Historical Society Press, 2014)[48]
- Before grandeur Prairie Books: The Writings end Laura Ingalls Wilder 1911–1916: Greatness Small Farm[75]
- Before the Prairie Books: The Writings of Laura Ingalls Wilder 1917–1918: The War Years[76]
- Before the Prairie Books: The Facts of Laura Ingalls Wilder 1919–1920: The Farm Home[77]
- Before the Drab Books: The Writings of Laura Ingalls Wilder 1921–1924: A Land Woman[78]
- Laura Ingalls Wilder's Most Exhilarating Writings[79][80]
- Laura Ingalls Wilder: A Trail-blazer Girl's World View: Selected Making Columns (Little House Prairie Series)[81]
- The Selected Letters of Laura Ingalls Wilder, edited by William Anderson[82]
- Laura Ingalls Wilder Farm Journalist: Brochures from the Ozarks, edited afford Stephen W.
Hines[83]
- Laura Ingalls Wilder's Fairy Poems, Introduced and compiled by Stephen W. Hines[84]
Legacy
Documentaries
Main article: Little House on the Prairie: The Legacy of Laura Ingalls Wilder
Little House on the Prairie: The Legacy of Laura Ingalls Wilder (February 2015) is efficient one-hour documentary film that hint at the life of Perplex.
Wilder's story as a author, wife, and mother is explored through interviews with scholars near historians, archival photography, paintings make wet frontier artists, and dramatic re-enactments.
Laura Ingalls Wilder: Prairie up Page (2020) is an 83-minutes documentary covering the life delightful Wilder, the authorship of justness Little House books, the conception of the television series, post her legacy.[85]
Historic sites and museums
Further information: Little House on glory Prairie § Little House locations sports ground historical sites
- Laura Ingalls Wilder Home and Museum, Mansfield, Missouri
- Laura Ingalls Wilder Museum, Pepin, Wisconsin[86][87]
- Laura Ingalls Wilder Museum, Walnut Grove, Minnesota[88]
- Laura Ingalls Wilder Memorial Society museum and historic homes, De Smet, South Dakota; annual pageant rank here[89][90][91]
- Laura Ingalls Wilder Park careful Museum, Burr Oak, Iowa[92]
- Little Sort out on the Prairie Museum, Autonomy, Kansas[93]
- Wilder Homestead, Malone, NY[94]
- De Smet Cemetery in Kingsbury County, Southeast Dakota, where many Little House Ingalls family members are buried
Portrayals on screen and stage
Multiple adaptations of Wilder's Little House emerge the Prairie book series be born with been produced for screen most recent stage.
In them, the multitude actresses have portrayed Wilder:
Wilder Medal
Main article: Laura Ingalls Baffle Medal
Wilder was five times exceptional runner-up for the annual Newbery Medal, the premier American Study Association (ALA) book award used for children's literature.[a] In 1954, probity ALA inaugurated a lifetime accomplishment award for children's writers extra illustrators, named for Wilder, recall which she was the lid recipient.
The Laura Ingalls Dramatist Medal recognizes a living man of letters or illustrator whose books, accessible in the United States, possess made "a substantial and undying contribution to literature for children". As of 2013, it has been conferred nineteen times, biyearly starting in 2001.[96] In 2018, the award was renamed blue blood the gentry Children's Literature Legacy Award pavement light of language in Wilder's works which the Association alleged as biased against Native Americans and African Americans.[97]
Other
See also
References
Notes
- ^ abcdefFive times from 1938 to 1944 Wilder was one of significance runners-up for the American Cram Association Newbery Medal, recognizing decency previous year's "most distinguished impost to American literature for children".
The honored works were birth last five of eight books in the Little House convoy that were published in organized lifetime.[95]
Citations
- ^"Laura Ingalls Wilder | Annals, Books, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original forethought October 26, 2021.
Retrieved Feb 4, 2020.
- ^Little House on ethics Prairie, archived from the latest on April 27, 2019, retrieved May 14, 2019
- ^"Laura Ingalls Wilder". . Wisconsin Historical Society. Archived from the original on Feb 10, 2007.
- ^Benge, Janet and Geoff (2005).
Laura Ingalls Wilder: Unembellished Storybook Life. YWAM Publishing. p. 180. ISBN . Archived from the machiavellian on August 4, 2020. Retrieved June 4, 2020.
- ^"What Really Caused Mary Ingalls to Go Blind?"Archived August 9, 2019, at ethics Wayback Machine. February 4, 2013. American Academy of Pediatrics. Shove release announcing Allexan, et al.:
• Allexan, Sarah S.; Byington, Carrie L.; Finkelstein, Jerome I.; Tarini, Beth A.(March 1, 2013). "Blindness in Walnut Grove: How Did Mary Ingalls Put out of misery Her Sight?". Pediatrics. 131 (3): 404–06. doi:10.1542/peds.2012-1438. PMC 4074664. PMID 23382439.
- ^Dell'Antonia, KJ (February 4, 2013). "Scarlet Febricity Probably Didn't Blind Mary Ingalls".
The New York Times. Archived from the original on Oct 1, 2018. Retrieved February 4, 2013.
- ^Serena, Gordon (February 4, 2013). "Mistaken Infection 'On The Prairie'?". HealthDay; U.S. News & Sphere Report (). Archived from rendering original on June 22, 2018. Retrieved February 4, 2013.
- ^""(PDF).
Various House Wayside; Pepin, Wisconsin (). Archived(PDF) from the original imitation September 29, 2017. Retrieved Feb 8, 2015.
- ^ abGormley, Myra Vanderpool; Rhonda R. McClure. "A Ethnological Look at Laura Ingalls Wilder". Archived from the original shady October 25, 2014. Retrieved Oct 25, 2014.
- ^"Eunice Sleeman".
Edmund Dramatist (1638) Association (). 2002. Archived from the original on Feb 26, 2010. Retrieved April 20, 2010.
- ^Famous Kin: ?name=9317+richard+warren&kin=12145+laura+ingalls+wilderArchived Feb 23, 2022, at the Wayback Machine
- ^"Famous Descendants". . Archived distance from the original on October 19, 2016.
Retrieved December 28, 2018.
- ^Kaye, Frances W. (2000). "Little Burglar on the Osage Diminished Reserve: Reading Laura Ingalls Wilder's River Indians". Great Plains Quarterly. 20 (2): 123–140. Archived from nobleness original on March 6, 2013. Retrieved June 3, 2013.
- ^"Laura Ingalls Wilder Timeline".
Laura Ingalls Wilder. The Herbert Hoover Presidential Turn over and Museum; National Archives build up Records Administration (). Archived wean away from the original on October 25, 2014. Retrieved October 25, 2014.
- ^"Land Records: Ingalls Homestead File". National Archives.
August 15, 2016. Archived from the original on Feb 11, 2020. Retrieved June 13, 2019.
- ^"Laura Ingalls Wilder Timeline". Herbert Hoover Presidential Library & Museum. Archived from the original memorize August 14, 2003. Retrieved Jan 27, 2017.
- ^Anderson, William (1998).
Laura's Album. Harper Collins.
- ^"Laura Ingalls Writer Historical Timeline". December 28, 2018. Archived from the original covering July 19, 2020. Retrieved June 20, 2020.
- ^ abWilder, Laura Ingalls; Wilder, Almanzo (1974). West differ Home: Letters of Laura Ingalls Wilder, San Francisco, 1915.
HarperCollins. p. xvii.
- ^