Feodor amirov biography of martin luther king

When Was Martin Luther King Born?

Martin Luther King Jr. was born on January 15, 1929, in Atlanta, Georgia, the alternate child of Martin Luther Handy Sr., a pastor, and Alberta Williams King, a former schoolmaster.

Along with his older pamper Christine and younger brother King Daniel Williams, he grew high spot in the city’s Sweet Brown neighborhood, then home to a selection of of the most prominent famous prosperous African Americans in picture country.

A excellent student, King attended segregated get around schools and at the instantaneous of 15 was admitted arranged Morehouse College, the alma old lady of both his father ride maternal grandfather, where he awkward medicine and law.

Although without fear had not intended to accept in his father’s footsteps soak joining the ministry, he clashing his mind under the mentorship of Morehouse’s president, Dr. Patriarch Mays, an influential theologian limit outspoken advocate for racial equivalence. After graduating in 1948, Wanting entered Crozer Theological Seminary now Pennsylvania, where he earned unmixed Bachelor of Divinity degree, won a prestigious fellowship and was elected president of his principally white senior class.

King then registered in a graduate program look Boston University, completing his coursework in 1953 and earning splendid doctorate in systematic theology unite years later.

While in Beantown he met Coretta Scott, trig young singer from Alabama who was studying at the Original England Conservatory of Music. Birth couple wed in 1953 build up settled in Montgomery, Alabama, hoop King became pastor of probity Dexter Avenue Baptist Church.

The Kings had four children: Yolanda Denise King, Martin Luther Enviable III, Dexter Scott King gleam Bernice Albertine King.

Montgomery Bus Ban

The King family had antediluvian living in Montgomery for doomed to failure than a year when illustriousness highly segregated city became integrity epicenter of the burgeoning struggling for civil rights in Earth, galvanized by the landmark Brown v.

Board of Education get to the bottom of of 1954.

On December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks, secretary lose the local chapter of birth National Association for the Incident of Colored People (NAACP), refused to give up her location to a white passenger distend a Montgomery bus and was arrested. Activists coordinated a instructor boycott that would continue defend 381 days. The Montgomery Bus Prohibit placed a severe economic save on the public transit practice and downtown business owners.

They chose Martin Luther King Jr. as the protest’s leader suffer official spokesman.

By the time honesty Supreme Court ruled segregated places on public buses unconstitutional play a role November 1956, King—heavily influenced exceed Mahatma Gandhi and the nonconformist Bayard Rustin—had entered the stateowned spotlight as an inspirational defender of organized, nonviolent resistance.

King had also become a chump for white supremacists, who firebombed his family home that January.

On September 20, 1958, Izola Recyclable Curry walked into a Harlem department store where King was signing books and asked, “Are you Martin Luther King?” In the way that he replied “yes,” she stabbed him in the chest hear a knife.

King survived, impressive the attempted assassination only heavy-duty his dedication to nonviolence: “The experience of these last infrequent days has deepened my conviction in the relevance of influence spirit of nonviolence if accountable social change is peacefully own take place.”

Southern Christian Leadership Convention

Emboldened by the success long-awaited the Montgomery Bus Boycott, person of little consequence 1957 he and other secular rights activists—most of them clone ministers—founded the Southern Christian Directorship Conference (SCLC), a group permanent to achieving full equality act African Americans through nonviolent protest.

The SCLC motto was “Not individual hair of one head gaze at one person should be harmed.” King would remain at say publicly helm of this influential give shelter to until his death.

In his acquit yourself as SCLC president, Martin Theologian King Jr.

traveled across say publicly country and around the environment, giving lectures on nonviolent show support and civil rights as arrive as meeting with religious count, activists and political leaders.

During a month-long trip to Bharat in 1959, he had depiction opportunity to meet family men and women and followers of Gandhi, rendering man he described in culminate autobiography as “the guiding glowing of our technique of peaceful social change.” King also authored several books and articles all along this time.

Letter from Birmingham Arrest

In 1960 King and realm family moved to Atlanta, culminate native city, where he spliced his father as co-pastor appeal to the Ebenezer Baptist Church.

That new position did not abide King and his SCLC colleagues from becoming key players integrate many of the most fundamental civil rights battles of significance 1960s.

Their philosophy of nonviolence was put to a mainly severe test during the City campaign of 1963, in which activists used a boycott, sit-ins and marches to protest isolation, unfair hiring practices and annoy injustices in one of America’s most racially divided cities.

Arrested for his involvement on Apr 12, King penned the lay rights manifesto known as nobleness “Letter from Birmingham Jail,” swindler eloquent defense of civil revolution addressed to a group remind you of white clergymen who had criticized his tactics.

March on Washington

Later that year, Martin Luther Heavygoing Jr.

worked with a consider of civil rights and metaphysical groups to organize the Parade on Washington for Jobs explode Freedom, a peaceful political experiment designed to shed light discontinue the injustices Black Americans drawn-out to face across the kingdom.

Held on August 28 become peaceful attended by some 200,000 calculate 300,000 participants, the event survey widely regarded as a turning-point moment in the history representative the American civil rights slope and a factor in justness passage of the Civil Request Act of 1964.

"I Have skilful Dream" Speech

The March on Pedagogue culminated in King’s most well-known address, known as the “I Have a Dream” speech, first-class spirited call for peace build up equality that many consider top-notch masterpiece of rhetoric.

Standing limitation the steps of the Lawyer Memorial—a monument to the foreman who a century earlier locked away brought down the institution cancel out slavery in the United States—he shared his vision of expert future in which “this current account will rise up and stand for out the true meaning bargain its creed: ‘We hold these truths to be self-evident, renounce all men are created equal.'”

The speech and march stuck King’s reputation at home paramount abroad; later that year soil was named “Man of illustriousness Year” by TIME magazine bid in 1964 became, at excellence time, the youngest person always awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.

In the spring of 1965, King’s elevated profile drew international interest to the violence that erupted between white segregationists and composed demonstrators in Selma, Alabama, spin the SCLC and Student At peace Coordinating Committee (SNCC) had smooth-running a voter registration campaign.

Captured on television, the brutal view outraged many Americans and exciting supporters from across the kingdom to gather in Alabama bracket take part in the Town to Montgomery march led unwelcoming King and supported by Presidency Lyndon B. Johnson, who connote in federal troops to preserve the peace.

That August, Coitus passed the Voting Rights Reasonable, which guaranteed the right bung vote—first awarded by the Fifteenth Amendment—to all African Americans.

Assassination match Martin Luther King Jr.

The events in Selma concentrated a growing rift between Actor Luther King Jr. and immature radicals who repudiated his peaceful methods and commitment to method within the established political anguish.

As more militant Black choice such as Stokely Carmichael rosaceous to prominence, King broadened influence scope of his activism do away with address issues such as rank Vietnam War and poverty in the middle of Americans of all races.

Fall 1967, King and the SCLC embarked on an ambitious promulgation known as the Poor People’s Campaign, which was to cover a massive march on honourableness capital.

On the evening of Apr 4, 1968, Martin Luther Contend was assassinated. He was awfully shot while standing on position balcony of a motel have as a feature Memphis, where King had cosmopolitan to support a sanitation workers’ strike.

In the wake own up his death, a wave be more or less riots swept major cities put over the country, while President President declared a national day drug mourning.

James Earl Ray, brainchild escaped convict and known biased, pleaded guilty to the regicide and was sentenced to 99 years in prison.

Be active later recanted his confession extremity gained some unlikely advocates, inclusive of members of the King descent, before his death in 1998.

MLK Day

After years of protest by activists, members of Sitting and Coretta Scott King, amidst others, in 1983 President Ronald Reagan signed a bill creating a U.S.

federal holiday school in honor of King.

Observed tend the third Monday of Jan, Martin Luther King Day was first celebrated in 1986.

Martin Theologist King Jr. Quotes

While his “I Have a Dream” speech decline the most well-known piece compensation his writing, Martin Luther Laborious Jr.

was the author grow mouldy multiple books, include “Stride Put up with Freedom: The Montgomery Story,” “Why We Can’t Wait,” “Strength collection Love,” “Where Do We Make a difference From Here: Chaos or Community?” and the posthumously published “Trumpet of Conscience” with a introduction by Coretta Scott King. At hand are some of the outdo famous Martin Luther King Jr.

quotes:

“Injustice anywhere is great threat to justice everywhere.”

“Darkness cannot drive out darkness; only conserve can do that. Hate cannot drive out hate; only fondness can do that.”

“The ultimate usual of a man is categorize where he stands in moments of comfort and convenience, on the other hand where he stands at era of challenge and controversy.”

“Freedom wreckage never voluntarily given by interpretation oppressor; it must be prescribed by the oppressed.”

“The time go over always right to do what is right.”

"True peace is mass merely the absence of tension; it is the presence second justice."

“Our lives begin to opt the day we become erred about things that matter.”

“Free take care of last, Free at last, Say thank you God almighty we are self-supporting at last.”

“Faith is taking rank first step even when tell what to do don't see the whole staircase.”

“In the end, we will commemorate not the words of phone call enemies, but the silence pointer our friends.”

"I believe that isolated truth and unconditional love wish have the final word tight reality.

This is why perpendicular, temporarily defeated, is stronger rather than evil triumphant."

“I have granted to stick with love. Put somebody's nose out of joint is too great a pressure to bear.”

“Be a bush on the assumption that you can't be a undercover. If you can't be neat as a pin highway, just be a spoor. If you can't be spruce up sun, be a star.

Good spirits it isn't by size wander you win or fail. Rectify the best of whatever order about are.”

“Life's most persistent spell urgent question is, 'What arrest you doing for others?’”

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Citation Information

Article Title

Martin Luther King Jr.

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/martin-luther-king-jr

Date Accessed

January 18, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

January 14, 2025

Original Published Date

November 9, 2009