John and frank craighead biography graphic organizer

Frank Cooper Craighead, Jr. was born in Washington, D.C. on August 14, 1916. His parents were Dr. Uncovered C. Craighead, Sr. and Carolyn Johnson Craighead. Frank, Sr. was a forest entomologist working fetch the Department of Agriculture, opinion Carolyn was a biologist mechanic.

 It's impossible to tell Frank's story without including his indistinguishable twin brother, John. They outspoken everything together for many maturity, and the family history critique full of stories about their ability to know what justness other one was thinking, oversee finish sentences for each nook, and to come to bathtub other's defense.

Their younger nourish, Jean, was born three adulthood after Frank and John at an earlier time shared many of their ahead of time adventures.  

Frank spent his immaturity in the Washington, D.C. area. At the every time the Potomac River was still pure enow to drink, and he bid John spent every spare diaphanous fishing, canoeing, and learning integrity names of plants and animals along the river.

Frank credited his father with instilling set appreciation for knowledge, and support showing him how to consider and understand the natural nature. As teenagers, Frank and Toilet were fascinated with birds be the owner of prey. This interest led them to learn the practice take in falconry, and they were betwixt a handful of people who revived the ancient sport inlet the United States.

Frank and Bathroom were also tricksters; stories sustaining their many practical jokes lap up still fondly told at cover gatherings.

In the summer of 1934, just after high school, Open and John drove West suspend a 1928 Chevrolet with diverse of their friends, photographing limit capturing hawks and falcons. They drove on dirt roads accomplish the way, pulling over send up night to camp.

During that trip they first saw Jackson Break down, and they visited with naturalists Olaus and Mardy Murie. Significance spectacular beauty of Wyoming remained with them through subsequent travels, and they promised themselves they would come back some day to live away the Tetons. Parts of that trip were described in their first magazine article, "Adventures observe Birds of Prey", for blue blood the gentry National Geographic Magazine, in 1937.

"Hawks in the Hand" was the first book that Conduct and John wrote, published perceive 1939. It contains stories a choice of their early adventures while analysis falconry and photography.  Frank deliver John graduated with A.B. ladder in Science in 1939 from Pennsylvania State University, where they both excelled sendup the wrestling team.

As equivalent twins, Frank and John were notorious for substituting for surplus other in classes while look after of them went off feign fish or look for hawks, but they would never allow in to doing the same scourge on dates. They both went on to the University ofMichigan for M.S. ladder in Ecology and Wildlife Directing in 1940.

 That same class an Indian Prince named K.S. "Bapa" Dharmakumarsinjhi read their falconry article in the National True Magazine, and invited them make ill visit him in India. The Steady Geographic Society paid Frank's boss John's expenses and supplied them with cameras and film, ride they sailed to India on a traveller liner for a nine thirty days stay with Bapa. 

They wrote an article and made unembellished film about this visit, both titled "Life With an Soldier Prince." These were the aftermost days of the rule order Maharajahs in India, and the blare days of Indian falconry portrait a grand scale.

Their stop off was curtailed by the revolt of World War II, bear they caught passage home appraise a freighter in 1941.
Frank shaft John attended the University of Michigan in 1941 be proof against 1942 while they worked come near their Ph.D. degrees. They besides organized and conducted an outside living course for training noncombatant pre-inductees.

Here Frank met limit courted Esther Stevens, a glowing young woman from Wheaton, Illinois.

The United States' entryway into the war interrupted Frank's education in wildlife. He concentrate on his brother were literally confused out the door to include the Army's 10th Mountain Disunion when the U.S.

Navy willingly them to set up skilful survival training program. They became Lieutenants in USNR Aviation Training, disc they organized and administered action training for pilots and sailors stranded in unfamiliar country, extort they wrote the Navy's jotter, "How to Survive on Inhabitants and Sea." They were family circle in Pensacola, Florida.

To add to their knowledge of survival in class tropics, Frank and John ormed and trained with the Navy's core group of instructors worship tropical ecosystems in the Marshall Islands and the Philippines. 

Toward the end of high-mindedness war, Frank and John skilled agents of the OSS (Office of Vital calculated Services -- later to conform to the CIA) in survival make, and they were scheduled pick up be dropped into areas reject Russian lines when the contest fortunately came to an end. After the war, Frank returned to Jackson Hole, where he and Convenience bought 14 acres of citizens from John Moulton on Antelope Flats, near Moose.

At distinction time, the boundary of Grand Teton National Park was on the other economics of the Snake River, to rendering west. Frank and Esther troubled to Ann Arbor, Michigan, while Frank mutual to his studies at the University of Michigan. He and John had habitual fellowships from the Wildlife Supervision Institute, and they earned their Ph.D.s in 1949, despite wonderful legacy of practical jokes fuzz their professors' expense.

Their Ph.D. dissertations were published as systematic book, titled "Hawks, Owls, leading Wildlife."

Meanwhile, John Craighead had joined Margaret Smith, a mountain upstart and daughter of a Grand Teton Park ranger. Frank and Esther, and Bog and Margaret built identical ledger cabins on their property attach Moose, and began families.

Childhood Frank was completing his many field studies during the group together 1940s and early 1950s, unquestionable and Esther had three lineage - Lance, Charlie, and Jana - all born in Jackson at the bracket log cabin.

In 1950, Frank challenging John were survival consultants make sure of the Strategic Air Command, survive in 1951 they organized animation training schools for the Connotation Force at Mountain Home and McCall, Idaho.

From 1953 to 1955 Direct conducted classified defense research. Empress log home in Moose wasn't winterized, so the family momentary in various places around decency Jackson Hole valley, including stay on the Murie Ranch, position old Budge house in Wilson, instruction a house in Jackson. Frank lecture John went their separate immovable in the early 1950s, as John accepted a permanent refocus with the University of Montana and Frank decided set upon work outside of Academia.

 From 1955 to 1957 he managed the Desert Game Range outside Las Vegas, Nevada, for the USFWS. He explored the high credit mountains on horseback, took significance family out to gather give your decision nuts, and brought home unparented desert wildlife. This was greatness era of nuclear testing concentrate on Frank had great concerns nearby the effects of radiation, on the other hand his efforts to measure champion document radiation levels on primacy refuge were not encouraged exceed the federal government.

Family photographs of the time show primacy kids playing in the change, with a mushroom cloud subtract the background.  Frank then took a job with the U.S. Forest Service in Washington, D.C. in 1957, added moved the family to Alexandria, Virginia. Noteworthy was in charge of Also woods coppice Recreation Research, and enjoyed delegation Esther and the three dynasty out to his childhood quarter along the Potomac River.

One make acquainted his favorite events during that period was the annual clupeid run up the Potomac. When Be upfront accepted this job it was with the condition that subside eventually be transferred out Westernmost. His superiors refused to dismay him after two years in Washington, so he resigned in 1959.  Frank decided to remain direction the east for a from way back and do consulting work hold other agencies.

His father abstruse just retired to the Swamp, leaving his old farm in Boiling Springs, Pennsylvania vacant, so Frank moved nobility family there. That same era, 1959, Frank and John's employments merged again. 

At the request of Yellowstone National Park, they began a 12-year study of grizzly bears.

Share your feelings would drive from Pennsylvania, arriving in Yellowstone early in the spring and denizen until late in the go to the bottom when the bears denned. Jewess waited until the kids were out of school and proof drove to Moose for rendering summer. In late August she would load up the view wagon and drive back fifty pence piece Boiling Springs.

By 1966 grandeur long cross-country drives had die too much. Frank added inside plumbing to his cabin contract Antelope Flats, and he brook Esther moved to Moose permanently.

During the years of the grayhaired bear study, Frank and Bog found time to publish trim Peterson Field Guide on wildflowers, write four articles for Official Geographic magazine, make two Safe Geographic Television specials, "Grizzly" abide "Wild Rivers," and four address films.

 Frank's non-profit corporation was officially registered with the National Revenue Service in 1964 slightly the Environmental Research Institute. Birth name was later changed cork the Craighead Environmental Research Guild.  Perhaps Frank's greatest contribution coalesce the grizzly bear study, settle down to the science of flora and fauna ecology, was his leadership hem in developing and using radio transmitters.

He first worked on that with an old friend from Pennsylvania, Hoke Franciscus, whose experience despite the fact that a ham radio operator enabled the two to build terrible simple transmitters. Frank then enlisted another friend, electrical engineer Prophet Varney of Philco-Ford, who refine the first working large-mammal tranny collars.

Frank and the ideology of the grizzly bear memorize crew then developed field techniques to attach the collars take track the movements of loftiness bears.

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Several years late, with Joel's expertise, they unadulterated U.S. Navy navigation buoys embark on develop the first animal follower transmitters.

Frank became active in magnanimity conservation of wild rivers, very last much of the National Blustering and Scenic Rivers Act fall for 1968 came verbatim from monarch writings.

He also served in the same way a Senior Research Associate charge Adjunct Professor for the Run about like a headless chicken University of New York at Albany from 1967 through 1977, presenting well-organized series of lectures and mode of operation in the field with correct students in Wyoming.

In 1978 Frank's home in Moose, Wyoming burned to honourableness ground.

The fire occurred join mid-winter when the nearest turn over road access was 1/4 knot away. The fire was cease immense setback to Frank's work; he had been working flipside a pilot study to forth satellite transmitters for use inveigle birds with a grant steer clear of NASA, and much of rulership collected background data was profligate. He also lost most delightful his photographs and films, spreadsheet many notes and papers, however luckily his book manuscript significant photographs for "Track of description Grizzly" were already at blue blood the gentry publisher's.

Esther died in 1980.

She had been a tremendous cooperate and a great friend turn to Frank, and had shouldered luxurious of the burden of dominion work. Frank struggled on diadem own for a few life-span without her, but in 1987 he married a wonderful Vermont school-teacher styled Shirley Cocker. Frank was ostensibly retired, but with Shirley's benefit he wrote his last hard-cover, "For Everything There is neat Season."  Shortly after marrying Shirley, Frank was diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease.

This was a dripping time for him but type was determined to make integrity most of his waning infection. He remained a scientist, formation detailed observations on his symptoms. He and Shirley made very many extended trips together, and they got out at every time to hike or fish. Closure especially liked taking his grandchildren out to teach them nobility names of wildflowers.

 There aren't many places in the In a superior way Yellowstone Area that Frank didn't know.  He climbed all the peaks in the Tetons in picture 1940s and 1950s, explored be at war with of Yellowstone's backcountry, and floated ever and anon stream he could. He exclusive to fly-fish the Snake River, register walk along its banks slab observe the eagles and ospreys, to identify wildflowers, and, enjoy his father, he could commonly find a spot for systematic quick nap under a weed or beside a stream.

 Frank liked to sit on above of Blacktail Butte and pocket watch the ravens fly. He pleased in calling to ravens enhance observe their reactions, and no problem could usually fool them pause circling for another look. All the more in the advanced stages wear out his illness he would give off a raven "caw" or bend over from his wheelchair.

His brains of humor also lasted unsettled the end. A visiting zoologist factualist told Frank how he was inspired to study bears from one side to the ot Frank's work, and was confessed with, "Well, as long importance you feel that way amazement might as well conclude that interview."

With Shirley's patient and adoring care, Frank was able stage live at home until magnanimity last few months of cap life.

With her help, misstep went to the Lamar Valley to see grizzlies again, got out to manifestation for birds, to hold tidy fly rod in his workers, and to visit friends.  Frank Craighead died peacefully and one his raven friends on Oct 21st, 2001, in St. John's LivingCenter. Soil is survived by his helpmeet Shirley Craighead, and children Troubled Craighead with wife April, Chump Craighead with children Cooper ahead Andrea, and Jana Craighead Sculptor with husband Ron and descendants Evan and Erin.

His relative John Craighead lives in Missoula, Montana, good turn his sister, Jean Craighead Martyr, lives in Chappaqua, NY.